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Các thuật ngữ chính trong CFA - Vietlod
Giải thích các thuật ngữ chính trong phân tích CFA Chúng ta đã làm quen cơ bản với mô hình SEM thông qua hai thành phần cơ bản là thành phần đo lường và thành phần cấu trúc trong mô hình hệ phương trình cấu trúc. Các nội dung tiếp theo sẽ trình bày phần thứ nhất bằng cách mô tả quy trình khẳng định một mô hình đo lường. Phân tích nhân tố khẳng định (CFA) cho phép chúng ta kiểm định các biến đo lường mô tả cho các khái niệm tốt như thế nào. Ưu điểm chính là nhà nghiên cứu có thể phân tích thử nghiệm những khái niệm lý thuyết nền, giải thích mức độ đo lường khác trong các lĩnh vực tâm lí, xã hội hội hoặc kinh doanh. Tuy nhiên, trước khi đi vào phần nội dung chính của phân tích CFA, chúng ta cần tìm hiểu qua một số thuật ngữ chính của CFA.
Các thuật ngữ chính
Average variance extracted (AVE) : đo sự hội tụ giữa một tập các mục hỏi thể hiện một khái niệm ẩn. Nó là phần trăm trung bình của sự thay đổi được giải thích (phương sai trích được) giữa các mục hỏi của một khái niệm.Between-construct error covariance : hiệp phương sai giữa hai thành phần sai số của các biến đo lường chỉ ra các khái niệm khác nhau.Communality : phương sai trích đượcCongeneric measurement model : mô hình đo lường bao gồm nhiều khái niệm đơn hướng (unidimensional constructs) với các hệ số tải chéo, hiệp phương sai của sai số giữa và trong mỗi khái niệm cố định xấp xỉ bằng 0.Constraints : cố định một mối quan hệ tiềm ẩn trong một mô hình SEM bằng một giá trị cụ thể nào đó (thậm chí bằng 0) thay vì cho phép giá trị của nó được ước lượng (tham số tự do).Construct reliability (CR) : đo độ tin cậy và tính thống nhất (consistency) của các biến đo lường thể hiện một khái niệm ẩn. Phải được thiết lập trước khi CR được đánh giá.Convergent validity : cho biết mức độ hội tụ hoặc chia sẻ một tỉ lệ lớn phương sai chung của các chỉ báo cho một khái niệm.Discriminant validity : cho biết một khái niệm có thực sự phân biệt với khái niệm khác cả về sự tương quan lẫn các biến đo lường trong mỗi khái niệm.Face validity : cho biết nội dung của các mục hỏi là phù hợp với định nghĩa khái niệm, chỉ dựa trên đánh giá của nhà nghiên cứu.Formative measurement theory : tạm dịch là mô hình nguyên nhân, có lý thuyết dựa trên các giả định: (1) các biến đo lường tác động đến khái niệm và (2) sai số trong đo lường là một phần không thể giải thích đầy đủ khái niệm. Trong trường hợp này, khái niệm là không phải ẩn. Ngược lại với Reflective measurement theory.
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